Diabetic retinopathy screening(DRS) methodology in must developed and under developed countries have faced significant criticism and controversy over the best screening methods.

A study reviewed from Clinical Ophthalmology 2020:14 3285–3296, on Advancements and Evidence Gaps in
Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Models,
combined with a prospective research study carried out by myself in University Hospital Galway 2022, on Diabetic Retinopathy Screening non Attendance. I am happy to highlight relevant DRS method we could find useful.

A telescreening approach, whereby
ophthalmologists or optometrists visits communities, after digital fundus images with powered smartphones or digital pictures are taken. This digital pictures can be graded later by an optometrist who can be able to make relevant referrals.

It is out of place to instruct or empower a technician with no intensive training about the fundus or diabetic retinopathy to carry out such task( DR grading & recall systems).

Various fields of views needed during fundus photography should be considered for effective DRS. It is important to note that some studies have shown that macular edema are left undiagnosed during regular opportunistic fundus pictures taking without the intervention of an optometrist.

Optometrists may combine artificial intelligence (AI) to automatically detect diabetic retinopathy in large populated areas. The success of this procedure lies on effective diabetic retinopathy grading, referrals and management strategies.

Telescreening cost savings increase when carried out on a larger scale. Plans on best ways to ensure only eye care professionals engage in DRS results grading, interpretation and reviews of best test procedures should be taken seriously to reduce ineffective DRS monitoring.

A literature review by; IROAGANACHI. V.C., OD, MSC DIA.